Chapter 69: Cannon System
The molds were two holes in the ground, forty centimeters wide at the surface and narrowing to twenty-six at depth, each one baked to a smooth shell by Anna over the course of a morning.
Roland crouched at the edge of the first one and ran a finger along the interior. The surface was glassy, almost ceramic — she’d done it from the bottom upward, driving out the air as she went, and the result was a mold that would not flake or crack under the weight of liquid metal. He had explained what he needed and she had produced something better than what he’d described, which was becoming a pattern he relied on.
He stood and looked at the iron ingots stacked beside the molds and did a fast calculation.
The cannon barrel he had designed — twelve-pound caliber, approximately twelve centimeters bore diameter, four centimeters of wall at minimum, seven at the breech, a meter and a half of tube — would require a quantity of steel that had been, until recently, beyond his means. Steel ingots, not iron. He needed the tensile strength; iron cannons had a historical tendency to fail in instructive ways, and he was not interested in instructing anyone through that particular failure mode.
Anna had helped him produce the ingots in small batches over the previous weeks, working the temperature and composition by feel and by the color of the flame, which she’d developed the ability to read the same way a glassblower reads a gather. The ingots were not perfect by any modern standard. By this era’s standards they were exceptional.
He looked at the pile of them. He looked at the two holes.
“Ready?” he said.
Anna was already in position at the support frame he’d built at the mold’s edge, so she could angle the work without looking directly into it. She had her hair tied back and her coat off despite the cold, because the work generated its own heat. She nodded.
Roland stepped back.
The Heart of Fire came to her, answering its question — he had watched it enough times now to understand that what he was seeing was not her casting something outward but something in her responding to the need — and the ingot in her hands turned orange, then white at its center, then ran. The liquid poured in a controlled stream down into the mold, and Roland watched the level rise, and the light that came off it was the color of a star seen through bad glass, and the heat reached him where he stood twelve feet away.
Ingot by ingot. The level rose.
She worked without pause, which he had come to understand as deliberate — pausing let the earlier pour begin to set unevenly, and she was keeping the temperature uniform. He watched her face when he could look at it without looking into the pour, and what he saw was concentration without strain: the face of someone doing something difficult that they have done enough times to have stopped finding difficult.
When the second mold was full, she straightened. Her cheeks were flushed from the heat, and there was sweat at her temples.
He took out his handkerchief.
She noticed, and a small resistance moved across her expression — not embarrassment, or not only embarrassment, but the particular awkwardness of someone who is not accustomed to being attended to. He wiped her temples and her nose with the careful attention of a man who was thinking about the task and also aware that he was thinking about other things, and she closed her eyes for a moment and let him, which he took as provisional permission and decided not to misinterpret.
“Well done,” he said, because it was, and he owed her the precision of saying so rather than something vaguer. “Black pepper steak tonight. You’ve earned it.”
She opened her eyes. There was color in her face that had not come entirely from the heat of the molds. She thanked him in the quiet, direct way she thanked him for things — not as courtesy but as acknowledgment, which was different — and turned back to look at the cooling molds.
Roland also turned back to look at the cooling molds, and thought about metallurgy.
The boring took longer than the casting.
He spent several days at the North Slope Mine in the interval — sourcing the tool steel for the boring heads, supervising the production of the chucks and guides, walking the geometry through with the blacksmiths who were going to have to execute it. The boring head was not complicated in concept — a steel rod with a gap at the working end to carry away the swarf — but precision mattered, and precision in this era required conversation rather than specification sheets, and the conversation took time.
Anna heated and quenched five boring heads over a week. The quenching gave them the hardness they needed; the steam engine gave them the speed.
He was present when the first barrel went through. The cannon blank — pulled from its mold, scaled and polished to a faceted grey bar — was clamped in the fixture. The boring head engaged. The sound was bad: a metallic scream that put everyone in the vicinity through the same involuntary response, the one that assumes something has gone wrong when something very loud is happening. The lard packed into the cut foamed out dark and acrid.
Lightning, against all instructions, had remained in the workshop. She stood at the far end of the shed with her arms folded and her chin slightly elevated, the posture of someone who has decided that the risk is acceptable and has stopped discussing it.
The boring head went in.
Millimeter by millimeter, Roland watched the measurement marks on the boring head advance. The process was not fast. It was steady, which was better. He had designed for steady: consistent feed rate, consistent temperature, consistent lubrication. The things that failed in boring operations were the things that varied when they shouldn’t have, and the steam engine’s centrifugal governor was managing the thing that had been hardest to manage before him — the rotation rate, kept level, held there without intervention.
An hour in, the head was a third of the way through.
He sat down on a crate and drank his tea and watched, and thought about the field configuration — how many guns, what crew size, what range to set up the line, what the fall of shot would look like at three hundred meters versus five hundred. He had no gunners. He had militiamen who had been training with flintlocks for one winter. The artillery drill would have to be built from nothing, which meant starting with the simplest possible platform: fixed position, direct fire, crew of three, and clear instructions that reduced the operation to steps rather than judgment.
He could do this in six weeks if the boring held.
He looked at the boring head’s progress mark.
“Come on,” he said, not to anyone.
The steam engine turned, and the head went in, and outside the cold continued, and somewhere in the stone beneath the lard and the swarf was the shape of a thing that had not existed in this world before today.
He thought about the wall, and the hybrid species on the wall, and Iron Axe’s face afterward, and the word smarter.
He thought: Not smart enough.
He finished his tea.
Chapter 69 Cannon System
Four days later in the backyard.
Two deep holes were dug in the ground. Each hole was in a circular shape,
and the deeper it went, the narrower its radius became. At ground level, its
diameter was around 40 cm but its deepest part expanded to only 26 cm.
These holes were the molds that Roland intended to use to produce his
cannon prototypes. The inner walls of the holes were baked and hardened by
Anna. She burned it so long that its surface was without any flaws, just like a
shell. She began to harden the shell at the bottom and took all the air bubbles
and scum with her as she moved upwards. During history, there were several
sizes of cannons; Roland roughly remembered that the so-called six pound
and eight pound cannons got their name from the weight of their shells.
Roland’s first step for producing a cannon was to produce several twelve-
pound balls, and then calculate their sizes according to the diameter and the
wall thickness of the cannon’s shell.
In the absence of measurement tools, Roland simply created his own custom
standard. He took an iron rod and separated it into many small parts with the
width of the smallest phalanx of his ring finger, hoping to come close to one
centimeter. After that, he created many copies of the iron rods.
The diameter of a twelve-pound iron ball, when measured with the new iron
ruler, was around twelve centimeters. Because of this, the thinnest wall of the
shell had to be four centimeters, and the rear end which was used as the
detonation chamber would need to be seven centimeters thick to prevent self-
explosion. As for length, there were many different kinds of cannons, like the
cannons used on battleships, modern tanks, or antique front-loading artillery,
so he really did not know which to choose.
Taking into account that the shorter the tube, the lighter the cannon would be
and the more materials could be saved. Roland dismissively waved his hand,
I will just build a cannon with a length of 1.5 meters; if the tests results aren’t
satisfactory, I will adjust the length later.
When the cannon was originally invented, it was built with a wooden core
and strengthened with iron rings, just like a barrel. Roland still remembered
that this kind of cannon had the risk of air leaking and self-explosion, thus it
would be better to mold the cannon bodies completely at once. When drilling
out the cannon with a steam engine, there was no difference in producing a 6-
pound cannon or a 12-pound cannon.
The so-called caliber was just a concept to differentiate between their sizes.
If the muzzle was bigger, it became a 12 pounder. Everything beyond that
couldn’t be used as field artillery. But the exact weight of the shells or the
cannon balls wasn’t important as long as they shoot in a straight line. After
all, he was only getting ideas from history and not replicating it.
Roland took a deep breath, then he gave Anna the signal to start “start now”.
The latter nodded her head, took a steel ingot, and placed it over the hole.
Under the power of her green flame, the ingot quickly turned red and began to
melt, forming a small waterfall out of molten iron which flowed into the hole.
The molten iron glowed red-orange and became so bright that it was hard to
look at. In order to protect Anna’s eyes, Roland specially set up a support
frame at the edge of the hole. She just had to take a good position first and
then she could lean against the support frame to produce the cannon without
looking into the hole.
The ingots were normally only used up slowly. After all, Anna alone couldn’t
start the era of hot steel, but producing a small batch wasn’t a big problem –
the most difficult problem to solve was to hold the temperature at the same
level, but with Anna’s help he was able to produce a small batch of excellent
quality steel.
This was also the reason why Roland dared to produce a cannon of the size
of five meters. Compared to the cannons produced out of bronze or iron, the
cannon made out of steel was clearly much stronger. Even if Roland built the
cannon in the wrong size, the probability that it would self-explode was
much smaller.
The amount of molten steel was continuing to rise within the hole, but the
numbers of ingots were also becoming less and less. Seeing this, Roland
couldn’t help himself but feel some heartache. In the end, he only could wait
until the time when he would be able to build some blast furnaces on his
territory. The number of steel and iron ingots a noble could produce was one
of the criteria used to measure strength and power during this time.
When the two molds were filled, Anna’s cheeks were bright red because of
her effort. So, Roland took out his handkerchief and gently wiped the sweat
from her nose away. Unable to accept this embarrassing care, Anna showed
some resistance at the beginning, but after a few seconds she obediently
closed her eyes and let Roland take care of her.
Her face had a red shine from the light of the molten steel, causing Roland to
think about taking a bite out of her. However, when he looked further down
her neck, her exposed, slender clavicle entered his view. The both of them
were so close together that Roland could smell her delicate fragrance.
“Ahem, well …” Roland embarrassedly took the handkerchief away while
trying to control his restless emotions, “that was everything for today. Well
done! I will tell the kitchen to specially prepare a pepper steak for you.”
Now wasn’t the right time, Roland thought, if I take action now, everyone
will think that I am taking advantage of a vulnerable person. I will have to
wait until she is completely free…
When Anna opened her eyes, she could feel that Roland had wiped away all
her sweat, but his face seemed to be redder than before. She gently nodded to
Roland and expressed her thanks.
In the next few days, Roland traveled between the castle and the North Slope
Mine several times.
In addition to cannons, he also needed to make a sufficient amount of boring
tools.
The production method of the boring tools for gun barrels and cannon barrels
were quite similar. After their removal from the mold, Anna would heat them
up again, so that they could be processed with a hammer. It was quite
different from producing an ordinary knife. At first glance, it looked like a
blunt iron rod. However, the only difference was that it had a gap on its head,
which was used to discharge metal debris. At the last step, the iron was
quenched to increase its hardness.
The production method was quite different from modern high precision
drills. After all, Roland only needed them to drill into iron. Taking their high
wear rate into account, Roland and Anna produced five boring tools within a
week. Thanks to this boring tools and the usage of the steam engine for
drilling – the production of the gun barrels rapidly increased from 2 each
month to ten each day.
After everything was ready, the miners would dig out the two cannon
embryos, then clean the scum from the surface and transport them onto the
carriage smithy.
For the production of these two cannon embryos, nearly all of Roland’s steel
ingots were consumed, a priceless test. So Carter and his whole guard were
responsible for the protection of the transport, which let the Chief Knight feel
a little superfluous. Who would steal so much inflexible stuff?
According to the requirements of the Prince, the blacksmith began to polish
and flatten the appearance of the embryo, after the grindstone. When they had
finished it, the embryos were delivered into the castle backyard. At this time
they just looked like two solid iron bars with dark gray and rounded
appearances, exuding a heavy metallic luster.
Roland couldn’t wait to start the drilling, so together with Carter he brought
the embryo to the right place, and placed the tip of the cutter head at the top
of the steel bar.
With a face full of expectation, Roland pulled the valve on the steam engine.
The boring tool slowly began to operate, but not much later it was already
running at a steady speed.
“Begin!” the Prince loudly shouted.
Hearing this, the Chief Knight pushed the sliding base down so that the
boring tool came in contact with the embryo. When the tip of the boring tool
came into contact with the embryo, a harsh noise which even overshadowed
the noise of the steam engine could be heard. As lubricant they used lard,
which was packed into the drilling, coming out of the wire as black foam.
The onlooking witches withdrew from the wooden shed, and only Lightning
insisted on staying. It seemed to her that looking at this machine was much
more beautiful than any landscape.
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