Chapter 567: Explosive Shells
The roar crossed the western suburbs like a physical wave.
From the city wall, civilians watched through their hands or through borrowed telescopes, craning toward the Misty Forest where the First Army had sealed every entrance. The test ground was far enough that the explosion was a visual event before it was a sonic one — the flash first, then the pressure hitting the chest, then the sound rolling over the wall like something enormous turning in its sleep.
Roland noted the crowd on the wall and filed away the obvious conclusion. We need a dedicated test range. Somewhere without an audience.
“Second volley ready, Your Majesty!”
“Everyone to the bunker.” He scanned the field and waved his arm. “Sound-off when the ground is clear, then begin the count.”
The 152mm howitzer shells were a different class of problem from anything that had come before. Solid shot was engineering; this was clockwork with consequences. The impact detonator demanded not just precision but reliability across a cascade of interlocked systems — and in three days of testing, not a single shell had successfully detonated on impact. Worse, on the second day, one had exploded at the muzzle, which had ended that particular barrel’s testing life early. The trenches Roland had ordered dug around the perimeter had done their work; no casualties, only a few ruptured eardrums that Nana healed before the day was finished.
Anna was producing four test shells per day. The math was ungenerous.
“Does this thing actually explode when it strikes an enemy?” Agatha peered past the edge of the bunker with the enthusiasm of someone constitutionally unable to watch an experiment passively. “Anna told me the mechanism — a few pieces of sheet metal. It has no mind. How does it know what it’s hitting?”
She was, Roland had noticed, the witch most likely to appear uninvited at weapons tests. She would put down whatever she was doing at the chemical plant and walk over, because the possibility of watching something explode was simply more compelling than anything else on her schedule.
“It doesn’t explode on contact with enemies specifically — it explodes when it lands in their position,” Roland said. “Which is a distinction the fuse has to be built to enforce. An impact detonator without a safety system is a catastrophe waiting to happen — it could fire in the transport wagon, drop it from any height, it goes off. Three separate safety systems, all of which have to work in sequence.”
Three layers. Each one was necessary. Each one had taken days of adjustment to get right.
The first was logistical: fuses and shells transported separately, installed at the artillery just before loading. The fuse itself was a cone-shaped device the size of a fist, threaded to screw into the top of the shell. The warhead was packed with double-base chemical powder — stable material that would not ignite without a detonator, which made the supply chain manageable.
The second was the inertia safety inside the fuse. A gate-lock mechanism: at rest, a stiff spring held the lock cylinder immobile. At the moment of firing, the tremendous rearward inertia drove the cylinder back against the spring, compressing it past its threshold and releasing the latch. The spring calibration had consumed most of the first two days — too stiff and the recoil was insufficient; too loose and safety was compromised. Eight rounds of test firing, careful measurements, adjustments. Now they had numbers they trusted.
The third was the centrifugal primer-detonator. This was the heart of the problem.
A half-circle iron plate, coin-sized, embedded in the fuse body. The detonator rode on this plate, normally held at an oblique angle by a spring — misaligned with the firing pin above and the charge below. The geometry was the safety: even a drop from height would not bring all three components into line. Only after the inertia safety released its latch could the iron plate move at all. And movement required something the falling shell could not provide: rotation.
The rifled barrel spun the shell at high speed. Under that centrifugal force, the oblique iron plate began to migrate toward upright — the way a spinning top finds its axis, gradually, through the physics of angular momentum. The process took two hundred to three hundred meters of flight, which meant the shell was well clear of the muzzle before it armed itself. Tree branches, barrel obstructions, anything in the first segment of trajectory: irrelevant. The shell would not arm.
Once upright, the detonator aligned with the firing pin and the charge. Impact drove the pin home. The detonator fired into the charge. The charge detonated the warhead.
And if the shell failed to detonate — as they kept failing — the absence of centrifugal force would let the spring drive the plate back to its tilted position, making the dud safe to handle. Safer, anyway. If the enemy recovered a failed shell and tried to disassemble it, the mechanism that made it work was also the mechanism that defeated any attempt to replicate it through disassembly alone.
“Prepare to fire. Countdown at five.”
The observer’s voice carried across the cleared field. The lanyard was gathered in, taken up to tension, the gunner’s body angled into position at the bottom of the trench.
“Fire!”
The world compressed and released. Soil particles pattered against Roland’s collar from twenty meters away. Through his covered ears he felt the discharge in his bones — not heard, just felt, a vibration that moved up through the ground.
A pause. Then Lightning’s voice through the Sigil of Listening in Nightingale’s hand: “Located the impact point. No detonation. Repeat — no detonation.”
“Understood. We’re coming.”
Agatha looked at the space where the shell had landed. “Again.”
“Failure is ordinary in testing,” Anna said, already opening her notebook. “Once we understand the direction of the problem, reliable mass production follows.”
“Well said.” Roland touched the back of her head once, light and brief. “And with Summer and Sylvie, the diagnostic speed is something that would have been unimaginable six months ago.”
In another era of engineering — his own, the one he still thought in sometimes — thousands of shells might be expended to isolate a fuse failure mode. He had Summer’s playback ability, fixed to the exact moment of impact, and Sylvie’s sight that could examine the interior of the phantom shell as though the casing were glass. Eight rounds to calibrate the inertia spring. The pace was extraordinary by any standard.
They reached the impact crater. Anna raised Blackfire and cut the fuse — clean, precise, rendering the payload inert — and the soldiers collected the shell for recycling. Metal and powder both. Nothing wasted.
“Summer,” Roland said.
“Yes, Your Majesty.”
The playback appeared in the air above the impact point: a shell in the last instant of its descent, the fuse detail visible down to the hairline gaps between components. Summer held it at the precise moment of failure, absolutely still, as though time itself was waiting for Sylvie’s assessment.
Sylvie examined it without touching it, her gaze moving through layers of metal and spring and alignment.
They would have an answer before sunset.
Chapter 567: Explosive Shells
Translator: TransN Editor: TransN
A suburb beyond the west city wall, Neverwinter.
A great roar attracted the civilians to ascend the city wall to watch from up high. The First Army had sealed the entrances to the Misty Forest in case anyone broke into the experiment ground.
Although the location was not close to the city wall, one could clearly see what was happening with a telescope from there. “It seems we have to look for a remote place as a special base for testing firearms.” Roland thought to himself.
“Your Majesty, the second volley is ready!” An artillery soldier reported.
“Everybody goes into the bunker.” Roland waved his hand. “Start the countdown after confirming no one is on the ground.”
It was the test fire of the 152 mm Howitzer. While researching on the Sigil of Magic Stones, Roland included the advancement of firearms. Now with Timothy being killed and the Northern Region having announced submission, the situation in the Kingdom of Graycastle was fairly good. Now Roland had time to put his mind on further promoting the shells.
But he had to admit that the technical difficulties of developing a howitzer with an impact detonator were much greater than those of developing solid shells. Anna would make four howitzer shells for test fire every day. Yet three consecutive days later, none had successfully exploded. What’s worse, on the second day, one shell exploded right after it got out of the chamber, which damaged the new artillery barrel too much for test firing. Fortunately, Roland took precautions by digging several trenches around the experiment ground, which successfully prevented casualties. The eardrums of a few
soldiers who stayed close to the artillery were damaged by the roar, but Nana healed them in time.
“Is this thing really like what you said, exploding the moment it touches the enemy?” Agatha could not help but stick her head out to watch. “I’ve asked Anna. It’s nothing but a few pieces of sheet metal put together. It’s not alive, so how can it know whether it touches is an enemy?”
Agatha must be the most enthusiastic witch toward weapon test in the union. Upon hearing the test, she put aside her production work in the chemical plant and personally came to observe the research development of the new shell.
“It doesn’t explode when it touches the enemy, but when it falls into the enemy’s position.” Roland corrected her. “It’s a basic requirement the Howitzer has to meet—if there isn’t a safety to make sure of it, the shell could fire accidentally at any time. That would be too dangerous.”
The trigger safety was the most basic technology for the new shell, at the same time the focal point of the test.
To prevent explosions triggered by collision or accidental drop, Roland made great efforts to set three safety systems.
The first one was to separate, store, and transport the fuses and shells, and install them when needed. The fuse looked like a cone with a handle and was the size of a fist. With the threads on its bottom, it could be conveniently and easily screwed into the notch on top of the shell. The shell was filled with double base chemical gunpowder, a kind of material that was hard to ignite without a detonator, which essentially ensured the logistics work.
The second one was the inertia safety in the fuse.
The safety device resembled a gate lock. Unarmed, it could not move due to being held in place by a stiff spring; when the shell was fired, the tremendous inertia kicked back the lock cylinder, overcoming the resistance of the spring, pulling open the latch, and removing the safety.
The theory was easy, yet hard to put into practice. Roland and the witches spent most of the first two days on it. If the spring was too hard, the lock cylinder could not get enough recoil distance; if it was too soft, it could not guarantee safety. Anna had to gradually adjust it based on the test results. After eight rounds of test firing, they finally attained the relatively reliable statistics on the compressibility of the spring.
The last one was the centrifugal primer-detonator.
It was also the device with the most technology in the fuse. Simply put, it embedded the detonator in a coin-sized half-circle iron plate. Normally, while being fixed by a spring, the detonator would stand in the middle of the fuse at an angle. With such a set-up as this, the firing pin, detonator, and explosive powder were not aligned. This way, even if the shell fell off from high above, the firing pin would not touch the detonator, so as to prevent accidental explosions. Only when the latch was separated from the lock in the second safety, could the iron plate be mobilized.
After being shot, the grenade spun at a drastically high speed because of the rifling in the barrel. Under the centrifugal force, the tilting detonator gradually stood upright, just like a spinning top whose center of gravity gradually closed on its axis line. This process completed after the bullet had left the muzzle for 200 or 300 meters, so even if the muzzle was stuck or the bullet ran into tree branches, it would not detonate prematurely.
When the detonator returned to the upright position, it aligned with the firing pin and explosive powder. Under this circumstance, once the fuse touched the ground, the firing pin instantly inserted into the detonator, and then the explosive powder pushed the super-hot gunpowder into the warhead, which in turn exploded the surrounding enemies into pieces.
The advantage of the centrifugal safety lay in the fact that if the shell failed to explode, without the centrifugal force the detonator would be popped back to its original tilting position by the spring, which made the retrieving work much safer.
Besides, if the entire grenade was grasped or accidentally found by the enemy, it could only be used as a normal solid shell when it could not get
enough centrifugal force from not being fired in a conventional manner. As for tearing it apart and replicating it, that would be merely impossible.
“Prepare to fire. Start countdown at five.”
An observer gave the order.
The repeatedly lengthened lanyard was gradually tightened while the gunner in the trench retrieved the rope bit by bit.
“Fire!”
As the gunner yanked on the rope, the ground instantly trembled.
A roar and fierce wind from the muzzle passed across the spectators’ heads. Roland felt numerous soil particles rushed at his collar. Even if he had his ears solidly covered, he could feel tremors coming through his feet.
“Found the falling point. Explosion failed. Repeat. Explosion failed.”
Lightning’s voice came from the Sigil of Listening in Nightingale’s hand.
“I see. We’ll be right there,” she replied and took out a Magic Stone.
“… We failed again?” Agatha said with disappointment.
“Failure is too common while experimenting.” Anna consoled her. “As soon as we find the correct direction, we can guarantee success in mass production.”
“Nicely put.” Roland praised her while patting her head. “Besides, now with the help of Summer and Sylvie, the research and development speed is astonishing.”
Even in modern times, it was common if thousands of shells were fired during the grenade testing, so to find any problems with two to three shots was like mission impossible.
Reaching the falling point of the bullet, Anna cut the fuse with Blackfire to ensure the safety of the payload. The soldiers then collected the failed shell. Either the gunpowder or the metal shell could be recycled, so it would be a waste to throw them away.
“Summer, it’s your turn,” Roland said with a gesture.
“Yes, Your Majesty.” Summer nodded. Exhibiting her playback ability, the phantom of a shell that was about to fall to the ground instantly appeared in front of everybody.
Although Summer’s magic power was still at a low level—after four months’ of practicing, she could only use it four times per day—with precise control on the magic power, she could fix the playback image at an exact moment.
Such an ability was to perfectly replay the scene. In other words, Sylvie could see the inside of the phantom—except being intangible, it had no difference from the real scene.
With the help of Summer and Sylvie, Roland was able to determine the spring tension after only eight rounds of test firing.